![]() ![]() For other less efficient cycles, 〈 T H〉 will be lower than T H, and 〈 T C〉 will be higher than T C. In the real world, this may be difficult to achieve since the cold reservoir is often an existing ambient temperature.įor the Carnot cycle, or its equivalent, the average value 〈 T H〉 will equal the highest temperature available, namely T H, and 〈 T C〉 the lowest, namely T C. Looking at this formula an interesting fact becomes apparent: Lowering the temperature of the cold reservoir will have more effect on the ceiling efficiency of a heat engine than raising the temperature of the hot reservoir by the same amount. ![]() Rearranging the right side of the equation gives what may be a more easily understood form of the equation, namely that the theoretical maximum efficiency of a heat engine equals the difference in temperature between the hot and cold reservoir divided by the absolute temperature of the hot reservoir. A corollary to Carnot's theorem states that: All reversible engines operating between the same heat reservoirs are equally efficient. Thus, Equation 3 gives the maximum efficiency possible for any engine using the corresponding temperatures. ![]() Carnot's theorem is a formal statement of this fact: No engine operating between two heat reservoirs can be more efficient than a Carnot engine operating between those same reservoirs. ![]()
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